H5N1 Bird Flu in Cats: A Growing Threat: H5N1 Bird Flu and Its Impact on Cats and Potentially Humans
67% Mortality Rate in Cats -Cats Can Be Asymptomatic-Cats Have Infected People
A Growing Threat: H5N1 Bird Flu and Its Impact on Cats and Potentially Humans
H5N1, Clade 2.3.4.4b, a highly pathogenic strain of the avian influenza virus (AIV), has raised significant concerns for feline health and potential zoonotic transmission. This is the same H5N1 bird flu virus that’s infecting cows across 39 herds in 9 states and 10's of millions of birds. We are going to highlight some of the findings in a study published on April 30, 2024.
This clade of H5N1 was first reported in cats in 2022, this clade has exhibited a staggering 67% mortality rate among infected cats.
The Dual Threat: Feline Companions and Dairy Cattle
Beyond its impact on feline companions, Clade 2.3.4.4b has also been identified as the culprit behind the ongoing H5N1 bird flu outbreaks among dairy cattle in the United States. This dual threat underscores the urgency of implementing comprehensive surveillance measures to protect both feline companions and cow populations because the risk of spillover into humans and then human-to-human transmission is increasing exponentially if not contained.
Asymptomatic Infections in Cats and Zoonotic Potential
Adding to the complexity of the situation, asymptomatic infections of H5N1, have been reported in cats. This finding highlights the potential for asymptomatic carriers to contribute to the spread of the virus among feline populations.
Moreover, documented cases of cat-to-human transmission of H5N1 bird flu underscore the zoonotic potential of these viruses. Individuals with close contact with infected animals, such as farm cat owners, veterinarians, zoo keepers, and cat shelter volunteers, may face an elevated risk of a bird flu infection during outbreaks among poultry and mammalian farm animals.
A Call for Urgent Action
In light of these concerning developments, comprehensive surveillance measures must be implemented among domestic cat populations, especially near known outbreaks. Early detection and monitoring of H5N1 bird flu infections in cats could prove crucial in mitigating the spread of the virus and protecting both animal and human health.
By raising awareness and taking proactive steps, we can better understand the dynamics of the H5N1 bird flu virus, ultimately enhancing our preparedness and response capabilities in the face of this rapidly growing threat.
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